Physical networks as network-of-networks

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dc.contributor.authorPete, Gábor
dc.contributor.authorTimár, Ádám
dc.contributor.authorStefánsson, Sigurdur Örn
dc.contributor.authorBonamassa, Ivan
dc.contributor.authorPósfai, Márton
dc.contributor.institutionDepartment of Network and Data Science
dc.date.accessioned2025-04-17T08:15:05Z
dc.date.available2025-04-17T08:15:05Z
dc.date.issued2024-06-07
dc.description.abstractPhysical networks are made of nodes and links that are physical objects embedded in a geometric space. Understanding how the mutual volume exclusion between these elements affects the structure and function of physical networks calls for a suitable generalization of network theory. Here, we introduce a network-of-networks framework where we describe the shape of each extended physical node as a network embedded in space and these networks are bound together by physical links. Relying on this representation, we introduce a minimal model of network growth and we show for a general class of physical networks that volume exclusion induces heterogeneity in both node volume and degree, with the two becoming correlated. These emergent properties strongly affect the dynamics on physical networks: by calculating their Laplacian spectrum as a function of the coupling strength between the nodes we show that degree-volume correlations suppress the role of hubs as early spreaders in diffusive dynamics. We apply the network-of-networks framework to describe several real systems and find properties analog to the minimal model networks. The prevalence of these properties points towards general growth mechanisms that do not depend on the specifics of the systems.eng
dc.identifier.citationPete, G, Timár, Á, Stefánsson, S Ö, Bonamassa, I & Pósfai, M 2024, 'Physical networks as network-of-networks', Nature Communications, vol. 15, no. 1, 4882. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-49227-8
dc.identifier.doi10.1038/s41467-024-49227-8
dc.identifier.issn2041-1723
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14018/27426
dc.identifier.urlhttp://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85195533729&partnerID=8YFLogxK
dc.language.isoeng
dc.rightscc-by
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.source.journaltitleNature Communications
dc.subjectGeneral Chemistry
dc.subjectGeneral Biochemistry,Genetics and Molecular Biology
dc.subjectGeneral Physics and Astronomy
dc.titlePhysical networks as network-of-networkseng
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