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Markets for Children:International Adoption, ART, and U.S. Foster Care
Title / Series / Name
Review of Economics of the Household
Publication Volume
Publication Issue
Pages
Authors
Editors
Keywords
adoption
assisted reproductive technology (ART)
family economics
Foster care
international adoption
Social Sciences (miscellaneous)
Economics and Econometrics
assisted reproductive technology (ART)
family economics
Foster care
international adoption
Social Sciences (miscellaneous)
Economics and Econometrics
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14018/27920
Abstract
This paper examines how access to alternative paths to parenthood-international adoption and assisted reproductive technologies (ART)-affects adoption outcomes in the U.S. foster care system. Using a child-level panel from 1998 to 2010, we exploit major shifts in both channels during this period. To address endogeneity, we implement two instrumental variable strategies: a shift-share design leveraging exogenous supply shocks from key international sending countries, and an interactive instrument based on the timing of state-level fertility insurance mandates. Our results show that increased access to international adoption and ART significantly reduces the likelihood that children, especially younger ones, are adopted from foster care. These findings highlight how developments in global adoption policy and reproductive technology can shape domestic adoption outcomes.
Topic
Publisher
Place of Publication
Type
Journal article
Date
2025-10
Language
ISBN
Identifiers
10.1007/s11150-025-09811-3