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The Beginnings of Anti-Jewish Legislation: The 1920 Numerus Clausus Law in Hungary
Title / Series / Name
Publication Volume
Publication Issue
Pages
Authors
Editors
Keywords
Anti-Jewish legislation
Antisemitism
Hungary
Numerus clausus
Antisemitism
Hungary
Numerus clausus
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14018/14231
Abstract
The Nazi 1933 Civil Service Law and the 1935 Nuremberg Laws are often considered the first anti-Jewish decrees in interwar Europe. Mária M. Kovács convincingly argues that Hungary’s numerus clausus law of 1920, which introduced a Jewish quota at Hungary’s institutions of higher learning, was, in fact, interwar Europe’s first antisemitic law. By defining—and discriminating against—Jews as a separate “racial” or “national” group, it abrogated the principle of equal rights that had been enshrined into law; as such, it marked an abrupt reversal of Jewish emancipation in Hungary. Moreover, the numerus clausus law set the stage for subsequent “Jewish Laws” (in the late 1930s and early 1940s) that sought to solve Hungary’s “Jewish Question” by means of extraordinary legal measures that targeted Jews alone. This book examines the origins and implementation of the numerus clausus, as well as the attempts to dampen its impact on Hungary’s international reputation, focusing on the debates surrounding it promulgation (1920), its modification (1928) and its eventual application to other areas of Jewish life (1938–45).
Topic
Publisher
Place of Publication
Budapest - Vienna - New York
Type
Book
Date
2023
Language
ISBN
978-963-386-620-7