Open Research Repository - Central European University
The Open Research Repository (ORR) is the official institutional repository of the Central European University. The repository provides access to the research output of the CEU community by collecting open access versions of scholarly works authored or co-authored by CEU faculty and students.
For more information, please contact us at: scholcom@ceu.edu
Recent Submissions
Item When Do Authoritarian Regimes Use Digital Technologies for Covert Repression? A Qualitative Comparative Analysis of Politico-Economic Conditions(2024-06-24)Although autocracies increasingly learn how to integrate digital technologies into their covert repression toolbox, it remains unclear under which conditions they succeed in doing so. While some technologically developed autocracies seldom use covert repression, other technologically underdeveloped autocracies apply significantly more covert repression. This begs the question: what are the necessary and sufficient conditions involving strong digital uptake leading to high levels of covert repression? The paper uses Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) to 83 non-democratic regimes and leverages the 2021 digital repression dataset to answer this question. The findings show that digital uptake interacts with a pre-existing history of overt repression. In-depth case illustrations of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan elucidate this argument. The findings also show two other “non-digital” pathways to high levels of covert repression, providing foundations for future evidence-based case selection investigating covert repression patterns in autocracies.Item Relationship between the type of media consumption and political trust in the European Union: Evidence from the 94th Eurobarometer 2020/2021 Survey(2024-06-10)This article analyzes the relationship between the consumption of different types of media and political trust, while also additionally contributing to discussions in several sub-branches of agenda-setting theories. To test the hypotheses, this article runs several linear regression models at the European Union, regional, and national levels. The European Union–level analysis is based on the 94th Eurobarometer survey data of 2020/2021. It is then further complemented with some country-level comparisons. The regression models account for various socio-economic and socio-political confounding factors. The results of the analysis demonstrate that there is a significant positive relationship between press consumption and political trust. As for social media, their negative effect is visible and consistent only when they are designated as the respondent’s main source of information. Other media types do not demonstrate a visible and statistically significant effect. This article’s findings, also through the country-level comparisons, provide new research avenues not only for quantitative research as well as for comparative case studies of individual European Union Member States.Item Why Should the Role of the House of Representatives in Monitoring and Review Local Regulations Be Strengthened?(2024-08-05)The enactment of Law No. 15 of 2019, which established the Post-Legislative Scrutiny (PLS) institution, marked a pivotal shift in the formation of laws and regulations (PUU) in Indonesia. This legislation ushered in a comprehensive cycle for PPU, fundamentally altering the landscape of legislative processes. Despite this progress, a prevailing assumption persists that the PLS mechanism is solely within the purview of the People's Representative Council (DPR) concerning national laws, while oversight of Regional Regulations (Perda) falls under the authority of the Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD), with limited discourse on the latter's role in academic circles. This study endeavors to elucidate the theoretical underpinnings of PLS within international parliamentary frameworks, analyze the regulatory framework of PLS Perda as delineated in Law No. 23/2014 and PP No. 12/2018, scrutinize its implementation in Provincial DPRD Rules of Procedure, and advocate for bolstering the DPRD's role in conducting PLS Perda. Findings reveal a lexicon of PLS terminology within Indonesian legislative context, alongside a bifurcation of PLS Perda oversight between the DPD and DPRD. Alarmingly, a staggering majority (93.10%) of Provincial DPRDs nationwide have yet to formalize PLS procedures in their Rules of Procedure, with only the DIY Provincial DPRD demonstrating comprehensive implementation among the 34 surveyed. The imperatives for empowering DPRD's Bapemperda include evaluating Regional Regulations' efficacy, fostering legal coherence, preempting discriminatory legislation, enhancing legislative quality through experiential learning, and resolving the institutional dualism between DPD and DPRD in PLS Perda oversight. These measures not only fortify legislative processes but also mitigate jurisdictional ambiguities, ensuring robust governance at both national and regional levels.Item Analyzing the Code of Hammurabi: Exploring Ancient Legal Principles and Their Relevance in Modern Law(2024-06-29)This study examines the Code of Hammurabi, an ancient legal code that dates to early human history, to investigate its old legal ideas and evaluate their ongoing significance in contemporary legal systems. This study seeks to clarify the fundamental concepts that underlie Hammurabi's rules and their lasting influence on modern legal thinking by conducting a thorough investigation of the Code's provisions and historical background. This research aims to provide significant insights into the development of legal norms and their application in addressing current legal difficulties by analyzing important elements such as justice, equity, and societal order as outlined in the Code. This study examines the degree to which Hammurabi's legal ideas align with contemporary legal frameworks. It provides insightful analysis on the lasting significance and flexibility of ancient legal precedents in creating modern legal jurisprudence. This research enhances our comprehension of the historical origins of law and its enduring importance in contemporary legal discussions.Item Strengthening ADR System in Indonesia: Learning from ADR Practices in Hungary(2024-05-28)Integrating Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) into legal systems is essential for improving access to justice, decreasing litigation expenses, and promoting enforced outcomes. This article examines the ADR practices in Hungary, a country that has successfully integrated ADR into its legal system, to gain significant insights for Indonesia, as both countries share the same sociocultural practices for communal dispute resolution. This normative legal research examines Hungary's extensive legal framework, the roles of institutional support structures, and the enforcement of ADR awards. The study employs comparative analysis that systematically evaluates pertinent legal documents, institutional reports, and scholarly literature from Hungary and Indonesia. The study found fundamental factors that contribute to the effectiveness of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) in Hungary, including the existence of a clearly established legislative framework, sufficient institutional infrastructure, and effective regulation to enforce ADR decisions. Indonesia can adopt these techniques to improve its Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) system, resulting in more streamlined, cost-efficient, and fair processes for resolving disputes and to establish a more unified and efficient ADR system.
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